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Snake species common to West Central Florida

Venomous Snake Species

Non-Venomous Snake Species

Florida Cottonmouth (water moccasin) Given its name because of the white interior of its mouth. The water moccasin is a semi water-dwelling snake, dark in color and pattern. Usually around four to five feet in length. They prefer watery march areas, but often seen on golf courses, in ditches and venture into suburbs where there are bodies of water and dense marsh landscape is present.

Venomous Snake Species

Eastern Diamondback Rattlesnake The biggest of all venomous snakes in Florida when full-size.  Usually growing over six feet in length.  Commonly known for their hair-raising rattle at the end of its tail to warn you to back away and leave it be.  They usually live in thick vegetation and thick brush woodland areas.  Also, rattlesnakes love to take shelter in gopher turtle burrows in the ground, so best keep yourself and your pet away from burrow openings.  It is an ambush predator often found under fallen trees, logs and rocks.  Although intimidating, the diamondback rattlesnake is actually docile, choosing to slither away or use its loud rattle to warn you and avoid confrontation.   

Venomous Snake Species

Dusky Pygmy Rattlesnake (ground rattler)  A rather small snake in comparison to other rattlesnakes, it usually only grows to a maximum length of 22 inches.  Since it’s a rather small snake it typically only has two rattlers that sound like a buzz of an insect than a loud warning rattle to warn you away.  They are a very common snake and enjoy garden beds, piles of leaves and wooded areas.  Records claim the Pygmy Rattlesnake is responsible for the majority of all venomous snake bites across the state.  Although the bite is not a fatal one, it is a very painful one and will require medical treatment.  

Venomous Snake Species

Coral Snake (”red & yellow – kill a fella”) This snakes coloration warns you to stay away. The old saying “red touches yellow and it will kill a fellow”.  A rather small venomous snake growing usually around 20-30 inches in length.  They are quite secretive and are usually found under debris and in the ground (tree roots).   It’s usually habitats in dry flat-wooded and scrub areas, but can be found in garden beds and dense landscape areas around the yard.   This snake is related to Old World cobras and has a different venom than other Florida venomous (pit vipers) snakes.  They have the second-strongest venom of any snake (the black mamba has the most deadly venom), but they are generally considered less dangerous than rattlesnakes because coral snakes have a less effective poison-delivery system. Their mouth is very tiny with small teeth they have to gnaw on thin areas of exposed skin to deliver their venom.  A coral snakes bite is very serious and should receive immediate medical attention.  

Florida has six listed venomous snake species.  The four venomous snakes shown above our most prevalent in our service area.   The two other venomous snake species the Copperhead and Timber Rattlesnake are typical found in North Florida.  

Copperhead

Eastern Timber Rattlesnake

Venomous Snake Species

Southern Black Racer is a very common snake throughout Florida.   Often mistaking for a water moccasin, the black racer is a harmless, non-venomous snake that is just out soaking up some sun and hunting for a rodent, insect or small reptile to eat.   Even though harmless, they still scare and intimidate many people and can even be territorial.  Coming out to investigate you and why you’re in its territory.   We will happily come out and remove them to a more rural area if you have one taking up residence in your yard.  

Banded Water Snake is probably the most mistaken snake identified for being a water moccasin. The Banded Water Snake is a harmless, non-venomous snake that lives in the same environment as a water moccasin.   Even though harmless, they will mimic behaviors of a water moccasin by flattening out their heads and looking intimidating.  They even have a white mouth.   Their coloration is similar to a water moccasin and the best way to tell the difference is in the eyes.

Non-Venomous – round pupils    

Venomous – cat-like slit pupils.  (except FL coral snake)

Eastern Indigo Snake is non-venomous and federally protected as a listed threatened species under the Endangered Species Act.  Because of its protected status, this is a snake that you are not allowed to handle without a permit. 

The Eastern indigo snake is a non-venomous, bluish-black colored snake that can reach lengths of eight feet (2.4 meters).  Its chin, cheek, and throat are mostly red or brown, but can also be white or black.   When approached, the Eastern indigo snake shows no aggression. Its diet primarily consists of a variety of species, including small mammals, birds, toads, frogs, turtles and their eggs, lizards, and small alligators. 

Scarlet King Snake (“red & black – a friend of Jack”)  Commonly mistaken for a venomous Coral Snake, this harmless non-venomous king snake mainly eats small lizards and other snakes.  Juvenile king snakes will have white bands and as they mature the bands will gradually turn yellow.   A very secretive snake that is mostly nocturnal and loves to seek shelter under logs and other objects where their prey is present.  

 

Florida King Snake is an impressive snake to see in nature at full-size (approximately 5-6ft) and is harmless to humans.  They are definitely hunters, preying on rodents, birds, lizards, frogs, and snakes including rattlesnakes.  They prefer more rural areas and near farms and sugarcane fields.

Eastern Corn Snake species of rat snake that subdues its small prey by constriction. It is found throughout the southeastern and central United States. Their docile nature, reluctance to bite, moderate adult size, attractive pattern, and comparatively simple care make them commonly kept pet snakes.

Invasive Snake Species (non-indigenous) 

Florida’s sub-tropical climate allows for many non-indigenous species to thrive and multiply.  These non-native species are a series risk to Florida’s natural habitat.  Whether a lost pet or born in the wild these snake species are quickly spreading throughout South Florida and expanding to Central Florida areas.  

Reticulated Python

African Rock Python

Burmese Python

Green Anaconda

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